East and Central North America. Broadly columnar, deciduous. Clusters of small red flowers before the leaves. Bluey-white under the leaves, which turn bright red in autumn. Prefers moist soils and will tolerate swampy soils.

N.E.USA. Rather upright habit, deciduous. Holds autumn colour of crimson and orange-red longer than most. Prefers a moist site.

Mexico to Northern Argentina, along the Andies. Broadly conical, evergreen in mild climates, fast growth on moist sites. Lighter green broader leaves than A. Jorullensis. Hardwood timber used for furniture, construction, charcoal, pulp and good firewood.

Broadly conical, deciduous. Vigorous growth and good form. Habitat beside rivers and will grow in very wet places. Tolerates salt winds better than the other alders. Good firewood crop to utilise wet ground. Timber durable under water.